This checklist includes only those species of plants that have been reported in the literature to be bat-dispersed based on studies throughout the Neotropics or have been collected and identified by us from fecal samples or from under the feeding roosts of bats in French Guiana. Many other species of plants are potentially dispersed by bats, but they have not yet been documented with collections and theretofore are not included in this checklist.

There are 1,918 native flowering plant species from 133 families known from central French Guiana (Mori et al., 2002b). From them 114 native species from 31 families are included in the checklist as bat-dispersed. Thus 6% of species in primary lowland forest in central French Guiana are known to depend on bats for seed dispersal. Additional nine species from eight families listed are not native but cultivated in central French Guiana. This case it noted in parentheses.

The type of dispersal is determined based on where the diaspore was found, i.e. if the diaspore was found in fecal samples it considered to be endozoochorously dispersed, if the diaspore was found under the day/night feeding roost or in the mouth of a bat and had not passed through the bat’s digestive tract it is listed as stomatochorously dispersed, and if the diaspore has no edible parts and adheres to the bat’s fur it is listed as epizoochorously dispersed (a single species, see Lobova & Mori, 2004). In cases when the source of diaspores is unknown, the type of dispersal is determined based on the size of diaspore, i.e. if smaller than 8 mm in longest dimension it is considered to be endozoochorously dispersed, if it is bigger or equal to 8 mm in longest dimension it is considered to be stomatochorously dispersed.

The names of species and family concepts are used in correspondence with the Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana (Mori et al., 1997, 2002a) for easier comparison and use. In case if family concept used is not accepted by modern taxonomical system of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG; Stevens, 2001 onwards; as they were circumscribed January 2005) there is a reference to another taxon.

AMARANTHACEAE

Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume. – epizoochorous

ANACARDIACEAE

Anacardium occidentale L. – stomatochorous (cultivated)

Spondias mombin L. – stomatochorous

S. purpurea L. – stomatochorous (cultivated)

Thyrsodium guianense Marchand. – stomatochorous

T. spruceanum Benth. – stomatochorous

ANNONACEAE

Annona muricata L. – stomatochorous (cultivated)

Rollinia exsucca (Dunal) A. DC. – endozoochorous

ARACEAE

Anthurium trinerve Miq. – endozoochorous

Philodendron bill ietiae Croat. – endozoochorous

P . duckei Croat & Grayum. – endozoochorous

P. grandifolium (Jacq.) Schott. – endozoochorous

P. guianense Croat & Grayum. – endozoochorous

P. insigne Schott. – endozoochorous

P . linnaei Kunth. – endozoochorous

P. megalophyllum Schott. – endozoochorous

P. melinonii Brongn. – endozoochorous

P. ornatum Schott. – endozoochorous

P. pedatum (Hook.) Kunth. – endozoochorous

P. placidum Schott. – endozoochorous

P. rudgeanum Schott. – endozoochorous

P. sphalerum Schott. – endozoochorous

P. squamiferum Poepp. – endozoochorous

Rhodospatha venosa Gleason. – endozoochorous

ARECACEAE

Bactris gasipaes Kunth. – stomatochorous (cultivated)

Euterpe oleracea Mart. – stomatochorous

Socratea exorrhiza (Mart.) H. Wendl. – stomatochorous

BIGNONIACEAE

Schlegelia paraensis Ducke. (placed in Schlegeliaceae in the APG) – endozoochorous

BORAGINACEAE

Cordia bicolor DC. – stomatochorous

 BURSERACEAE

Protium opacum Swart subsp. rabelianum Daly. – stomatochorous

CAESALPINIACEAE

Senna quinquangulata (Rich.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby – endozoochorous

Senna chrysocarpa (Desv.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby – endozoochorous

 CARICACEAE

Carica papaya L. – endozoochorous (cultivated)

CARYOCARACEAE

Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers. subsp. glabrum. – stomatochorous

CECROPIACEAE (placed in Urticaceae in the APG)

Cecropia obtusa Trécul. – endozoochorous

C. sciadophylla Mart. – endozoochorous

CHRYSOBALANACEAE

Couepia caryophylloides Benoist. – stomatochorous

C. guianensis Aubl. – stomatochorous

Licania alba (Bernoulli) Cuatrec. – stomatochorous

L. canescens Benoist. – stomatochorous

L. heteromorpha Benth. var. heteromorpha. – stomatochorous

L. majuscula Sagot. – stomatochorous

L. membranacea Laness. – stomatochorous

CLUSIACEAE

(also in literature as Guttiferae)

Symphonia globulifera L. f. – endozoochorous

Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers. – endozoochorous

V. guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy. – endozoochorous

V. latifolia (Aubl.) Choisy. – endozoochorous

V. ramuliflora Miq. – endozoochorous

V. sandwithii Ewan – endozoochorous

CUCURBITACEAE

Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey – endozoochorous

G. lobata (L.) Pruski. – endozoochorous

Melothria pendula L. – endozoochorous

CYCLANTHACEAE

Asplundia brachyphylla Harling. – endozoochorous

A. heteranthera Harling. – endozoochorous

Evodianthus funifer (Poit.) Lindman subsp. funifer. – endozoochorous

Ludovia lancifolia Brongn. – endozoochorous

Thoracocarpus bissectus (Vell.) Harling. – endozoochorous

FABACEAE s.s. (include only papilionoid legumes; recognized as subfamily in family Fabaceae in APG )

Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd. – stomatochorous

Swartzia panacoco (Aubl.) R. S. Cowan var. sagotii (Sandwith) R. S. Cowan. – stomatochorous

 FLACOURTIACEAE

Banara guianensis Aublet. (placed in Salicaceae in the APG) – endozoochorous

HUMIRIACEAE

Sacoglottis guianensis Benth. var. guianensis. – stomatochorous

LECYTHIDACEAE

Lecythis zabucajo Aubl. – stomatochorous

LOGANIACEAE

Potalia amara Aubl. (placed in Gentianaceae in the APG) – endozoochorous

MARCGRAVIACEAE

Marcgravia coriacea Vah l. – endozoochorous

Marcgravia pedunculosa Triana & Planch. – endozoochorous

Souroubea guianensis Aubl. – endozoochorous

MELASTOMATACEAE

Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana. – endozoochorous

Clidemia octona (Bonpl.) L. O. Williams subsp. guayanensis. – endozoochorous

Henriettea succosa (Aubl.) DC. – endozoochorous

MELIACEAE

Guarea grandifolia DC. – stomatochorous

MORACEAE

Bagassa guianensis Aubl. – endozoochorous

Brosimum rubescens Taub. – stomatochorous

Ficus amazonica (Miq.) Miq. – endozoochorous

F. gomelleira Kunth & Bouché – endozoochorous

F. insipida Willd. subsp. scabra C. C. Berg. – endozoochorous

F. maxima Mill. – endozoochorous

F. nymphaeifolia Mill. – endozoochorous

F. panurensis Standl. – endozoochorous

F. pertusa L. f. – endozoochorous

 MYRTACEAE

Psidium guajava L – endozoochorous (cultivated)

 PASSIFLORACEAE

Passiflora candida (Poepp. & Endl.) Mast. – endozoochorous

 PHYTOLACCACEAE

Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouché. – endozoochorous

PIPERACEAE

Piper adenandrum (Miq.) C. DC. – endozoochorous

P. aequale Vahl. – endozoochorous

P. alatabaccum Trel. & Yuncker. – endozoochorous

P. amalago L. – endozoochorous

P. anonifolium (Kunth) C. DC . – endozoochorous

P. arboreum Aubl. – endozoochorous

P. avellanum (Miq.) C. DC. – endozoochorous

P. bartlingianum (Miq.) C. DC. – endozoochorous

P. brownsbergense Yunck. – endozoochorous

P. crassinervium Kunth. – endozoochorous

P. cyrtopodon C. DC . – endozoochorous

P. dilatatum Rich. – endozoochorous

P. hispidum Sw. – endozoochorous

P. hostmannianum (Miq.) C. DC. – endozoochorous

P. insipiens Trel. & Yunck. – endozoochorous

P. nigrispicum C. DC . – endozoochorous

P. obliquum Ruiz & Pav. – endozoochorous

P. reticulatum L. – endozoochorous

P. trichoneuron (Miq.) C. DC. – endozoochorous

Pothomorphe peltata (L.) Miq. – endozoochorous

RUBIACEAE

Coffea arabica L. – stomatochorous (cultivated)

SAPOTACEAE

Manilkara bidentata (A. DC.) A. Chev. – stomatochorous

M. zapota (L.) Royen. – stomatochorous (cultivated)

Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk. – stomatochorous

P. reticulata (Engl.) Eyma subsp. reticulata. – stomatochorous

SOLANACEAE

Markea longiflora Miers. – endozoochorous

M. sessiliflora Ducke. – endozoochorous

Solanum americanum Mill. – endozoochorous

S. anceps Ruiz & Pav. – endozoochorous

S. asperum Rich. – endozoochorous

S. coriaceum Dunal. – endozoochorous

S. jamaicense Mill. – endozoochorous

S. leucocarpon Dunal. – endozoochorous

S. rugosum Dunal. – endozoochorous

S. schlechtendalianum Walp. – endozoochorous

S. torvum Sw. – endozoochorous

S. velutinum Dunal. – endozoochorous

STERCULIACEAE

Theobroma cacao L. (placed in Malvaceae in the APG) – stomatochorous (cultivated)

ULMACEAE

Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg. (placed in Cannabaceae in the APG) – stomatochorous

Trema micrantha (L.) Blume. (placed in Cannabaceae in the APG) – endozoochorous

URTICACEAE

Urera caracasana (Jacq.) Griseb. – endozoochorous

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Acknowledgments

This material is based upon work supported by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization under the Grant awarded in 2003 and by the National Science Foundation under the Grant No 0414098. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of NATO or NSF.

Literature Cited

Lobova, T. A. & S. A. Mori. 2004. Epizoochorous dispersal by bats in French Guiana. Journal of Tropical Ecology 20: 581-582.

Mori, S. A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.-J. de Granville, M. Hoff & J. D. Mitchell. 1997. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana . Part 1. Pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and monocotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76(1): 1-422.

Mori, S. A., G. Cremers, C. Gracie, J.-J. de Granville, S. V. Heald, M. Hoff & J. D. Mitchell. 2002a. Guide to the vascular plants of central French Guiana . Part 2. Dicotyledons. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 76(2): 1-776.

Mori, S. A., C. Gracie, M. Hoff & T. Kirchgessner. 2002b. Checklist of the gymnosperms and flowering plants of central French Guiana. Distributed to the libraries of the Flora of the Guianas consortium.

Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 5, May 2004. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/.