The Botanical Review INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRIBUTORS These guidelines are intended to increase the uniformity of manuscripts and will speed the editorial and review process. Authors are encouraged to contact the Editor (THE BOTANICAL REVIEW, The New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, NY 10458-5126, USA) whenever a contribution has some special requirement that is not discussed in the following guidelines. GENERAL: Manuscripts must be received in final form, fully revised and checked for typographical and other errors. 1. Submit your manuscript assembled in the following sequence: First page.-Title, author(s), addresses), running head. Table of Contents.-Begin on new page. Capitalize all proper nouns. Do not include page numbers. Make sure headings agree exactly with headings in text. Primary headings are preceded by a roman numeral, secondary headings with a capital letter, tertiary headings with an arabic numeral, and quaternary headings with a lowercase letter. Abstract.-Begin on new page. Authors must provide abstract in English and are urged to provide a translation into at least one other appropriate language (e.g., German, French, Spanish, or Russian). Text.-Begin on new page. See guidelines below. Acknowledgments.-Summarize briefly under a separate heading at end of text. Literature Cited.-Begin on new page. See guidelines below. Appendix.-If present, begin on new page. Legends.-Begin on new page. See guidelines below. Text footnotes.-Begin on new page. See guidelines below. Tables.-Each on a separate page. See guidelines below. Appendix tables.-If present, begin on new page. Illustrations.-See guidelines below. 2. All tables and illustrations must be cited in numerical sequence in the text. 3. Type last name(s) of author(s) and page number on upper right-hand corner of every page of the manuscript. 4. Double-space throughout every part of the entire manuscript. Leave at least a 2.5 cm margin on all sides. Do not staple pages together. 5. Submit one copy of the article plus the original manuscript. The second set of illustrations need not be in a form suitable for reproduction. 6. Copyright: Request and obtain written authorization from the publisher and/or author to use materials (e.g., tables, graphs, illustrations, etc.) from previously published sources. Send the original authorizations along with your manuscript. 7. Word Processors: If possible, use a word processor for the preparation of your manuscript. Do not justify the right-hand margin, as this may lead to errors. If possible, suspend hyphenation. Use regular Courier type, not a proportionally spaced font. Be sure to include a floppy disk (3½ or 5¼) containing the text, tables, legends, etc. Files compatible with IBM are preferred, but we will accept Macintosh disks when necessary. 8. Do not abbreviate seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, or years. 9. All unclaimed manuscripts will be discarded one month after date of issue. Original illustrations will be returned to authors. TEXT FOOTNOTES: We discourage the use of footnotes; much of this material can be worked into the text. If you must use them, keep them to a minimum and follow these instructions: 1. Type footnotes in paragraph form (all on one page) consecutively. Begin on new page. 2. Number text footnotes using arabic numerals (for table footnotes, see below). 3. Indicate in the text margin where the footnote is cited. TEXT: 1. All headings should be centered. Primary headings should be preceded by a roman numeral, secondary headings with a capital letter, tertiary headings with an arabic numeral, and quaternary headings with a lowercase letter. 2. Each figure and table must be cited in correct numerical sequence in the text. 3. Each item listed in the Literature Cited must be cited in the text and vice versa. Citations in the text must match those in the Literature Cited (dates and spellings) and vice versa. Check for spellings and dates, as well as for diacritical marks in foreign-language citations. 4. Underline generic and specific names only (and do not use italics). 5. Do not use a period after abbreviations for units of measure (e.g., mm, km, m, etc.). 6. Examples of literature cited in the text: For 2 authors: Orndorff and Lang (1981) or (Orndorff & Lang, 1981). For 3 or more authors: name only the first author followed by et al. Thus, Nixon et al. (1994) or (Nixon et al., 1994). All authors' names should appear in the Literature Cited. Several different papers within a citation: Arrange in alphabetical order or chronological order consistently throughout the paper. Thus, (Baetke et al., 1978; Levin, 1965a, 1965b, 1965c, 1967; McHale & Alston, 1955) or (McHale & Alston, 1955; Levin, 1965a, 1965b, 1965c, 1967; Baetke et al., 1978). Use a and b for two or more papers published by the same author(s) in the same year. In press: Tretyn (In press) or (Tretyn, in press). Unpublished research and personal communications may be cited in the text but not in the Literature Cited. Thus, (P. Endress, unpubl.) or (P. Endress, pers. comm.), LITERATURE CITED: 1. List entries in alphabetical order by first author, then second author. Entries for works by 3 or more authors are placed after the 2-author works by the same first author. If there are two or more works cited by the same author(s) (names in the same order), arrange chronologically. 2. Use long dash for repeated author(s) (see sample below). 3. Journal citations should be abbreviated according to Botanico-Periodicum- Huntianum. 4. Underline generic and specific names only (and do not use italics). 5. Citations designated as "in press" must have been accepted for publication, and the name of the journal or press given. They are listed as "in press" until actually published. 6. There should be a period and a space after each initial in an author's name. SAMPLES OF LITERATURE CITED: Allen, A. 1977. Steps toward better scientific illustrations. Ed. 2. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas. Alston, R. E. 1968. The genetics of phenolic compounds. Pages 171-204 in J. B. Harborne (ed.), Biochemistry of phenolic compounds. Academic Press, New York. CBE Style Manual Committee. 1983. CBE style manual: A guide for authors, editors, and publishers in the biological sciences. Ed. 5. Council of Biology Editors, Bethesda, Maryland. Dahlgren, R. M. T., H. T. Clifford & F. F. Yeo. 1985. The families of monocotyledons: structure, evolution, and taxonomy. Springer-Verlag, New York. Funk, V. A. 1982. Systematics of Montanoa Cerv. (Compositae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 36:1-133. _____& D. R. Brooks.198 1. Advances in cladistics. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. Gifford, E. M. & A. S. Foster. 1988. Morphology and evolution of vascular plants. Ed. 3. W. H. Freeman, New York. Takhtajan, A. 1980. Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta). Bot. Rev. 46:225-359. TABLES: 1. Type each on separate page, double-spaced. 2. Number tables in roman numerals. Center above table title. 3. Extensive or complex tabular material must be submitted in camera-ready copy. Take into consideration reduction to final size of 4.5 7 inches (11.5 17.8 cm) (including table title and any footnotes). 4. The title should be centered, in upper and lowercase. 5. Table footnotes should be indicated by lowercase letters of the alphabet used as superscripts. Type in paragraph form. 6. Use no vertical lines. LEGENDS: 1. All legends should be numbered consecutively in arabic numerals. 2. Type legends for each plate in paragraph form (but not on separate pages) starting with statement of inclusive numbers, e.g., Figs. 3-7. Descriptive title of plate followed by individual figure titles, as 3: Seeds of Ericaceae. 4: Calyx of Cavendishia (bar = 1 mm). 3. Size should be indicated by a bar in the illustration. Because of the possibility of reducing illustrations, actual numbers for magnifications are discouraged but allowed if necessary. ILLUSTRATIONS: 1 . Should be designed to fit a space of 115 178 mm after reduction. Allow space for the legend. 2. Labeling should be done with press-on letters or a lettering instrument. Freehand labeling is unacceptable. 3. When preparing composite plates, place photos with no space in between. Do not combine photos and line illustrations, as they are reproduced by different methods. Place numbers and/or letters on the photos and not in the margins. 4. Line illustrations should be designed for legibility at a reduction of up to 35%. 5. Photographs should be the same size as they are to appear in the publication (see 1, above), if at all possible. 6. Mount illustrations on white cardboard with at least 2.5 cm margin on all sides, and a protective sheet placed over them. Ship illustrations flat. 7. Send original illustrations and/or high-quality black-and-white glossy photographs or photostats of them. Click Here for Botanical Review 63 (1) Contents